{"id":466,"date":"2023-05-13T17:42:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-13T09:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web.selom.xyz\/?p=466"},"modified":"2023-05-13T17:42:34","modified_gmt":"2023-05-13T09:42:34","slug":"linux-command-%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/?p=466","title":{"rendered":"Linux Command \u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Linux\uff1f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Linux<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u653e\u539f\u59cb\u78bc\u7684\u985e Unix<\/a> \u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5176\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904b\u7528\u65bc\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u548c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684 Linux \u767c\u4f48\u7248\u672c\uff08Linux distributions\uff0c\u4fc2\u6307\u53ef\u5b8c\u6574\u5b89\u88dd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\uff09\u5305\u62ec\uff1aDebian\u3001Fedora\u3001CentOS\u3001Ubuntu \u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6211\u5011\u4e3b\u8981\u5c07\u6703\u805a\u7126\u5728 Linux\/Ubuntu \u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u57fa\u790e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5165\u9580\u6559\u5b78\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e0a\uff08\u6bcf\u500b\u6307\u4ee4\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 $<\/code> \u7576\u4f5c\u63d0\u793a\u5b57\u5143\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u8f38\u5165\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linux \u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u67b6\u69cb<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684 Linux \u767c\u4f48\u7248\u672c\u61c9\u8a72\u90fd\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff08Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, FHS\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64da\u767c\u4f48\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u6709\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u6a94\u6848\u7cfb\u7d71\u67b6\u69cb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. \/bin, \/sbin
    \/bin<\/code> \u4e3b\u8981\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\/sbin<\/code> \u653e\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u9023\u7d50\u5230 \/usr\/bin<\/code>\uff0c\/usr\/sbin<\/code><\/li>
  2. \/boot
    \u4e3b\u8981\u653e\u7f6e\u958b\u6a5f\u76f8\u95dc\u6a94\u6848<\/li>
  3. \/dev
    \u653e\u7f6e device \u88dd\u7f6e\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u5305\u8a71\u6ed1\u9f20\u9375\u76e4\u7b49<\/li>
  4. \/etc
    \u4e3b\u8981\u653e\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7d71\u6a94\u6848<\/li>
  5. \/home, \/root
    \/home<\/code> \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5e33\u6236\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u9304\uff0c\/root<\/code> \u70ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u9304<\/li>
  6. \/lib, \/lib64
    \u4e3b\u8981\u70ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\uff0c\u82e5\u662f 64 \u4f4d\u5143\u5247\u653e\u5728 \/lib64<\/code>\u3002\u9023\u7d50\u5230 \/usr\/lib<\/code>, \/usr\/lib64<\/code><\/li>
  7. \/proc
    \u5c07\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u505a\u6210\u6a94\u6848\u985e\u578b<\/li>
  8. \/sys
    \u8207 \/proc<\/code> \u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u91dd\u5c0d\u786c\u9ad4\u76f8\u95dc\u53c3\u6578<\/li>
  9. \/usr
    \/usr<\/code> \u5168\u540d\u70ba unix software resource<\/code> \u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7d71\u76f8\u95dc\u8edf\u9ad4\u3001\u670d\u52d9\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f user \u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\u5594\uff01\uff09<\/li>
  10. \/var
    \u5168\u540d\u70ba variable<\/code>\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b8a\u6578\u6216\u8a18\u9304\u6a94<\/li>
  11. \/tmp
    \u5168\u540d\u70ba temporary<\/code>\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u66ab\u5b58\u6a94\u6848<\/li>
  12. \/media, \/mnt
    \u653e\u7f6e\u96a8\u63d2\u5373\u7528\u7684\u88dd\u7f6e\u6163\u7528\u76ee\u9304\uff0c \/mnt<\/code> \u70ba\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\/\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u624b\u52d5\u639b\u4e0a\uff08mount\uff09\u7684\u76ee\u9304<\/li>
  13. \/opt
    \u5168\u540d\u70ba optional<\/code>\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5ee0\u5546\u653e\u7f6e\u8edf\u9ad4\u8655<\/li>
  14. \/run
    \u7cfb\u7d71\u9032\u884c\u670d\u52d9\u8edf\u9ad4\u904b\u4f5c\u7ba1\u7406\u8655<\/li>
  15. \/srv
    \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u653e\u7f6e\u958b\u767c\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff08service\uff09\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u7db2\u7ad9\u670d\u52d9 www<\/code> \u7b49<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u6a94\u6848\u8207\u76ee\u9304\u7ba1\u7406\u6307\u4ee4<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728 Ubuntu \u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u958b\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u9032\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u6307\u4ee4\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u6a94\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e00\u822c\u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    $ \u6307\u4ee4 [\u9078\u9805] [\u9078\u9805\u503c]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \"Linux<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    1. ls\uff1alist\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6a94\u6848\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u9304\u5217\u51fa\u57fa\u672c\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a ls <\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u96b1\u85cf\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a \/\/ -l \u5217\u51fa\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u6599 -a \u5217\u51fa\u96b1\u85cf\u8cc7\u6599<\/em> $ ls -la <\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u6a94\u6848\uff1a \/\/ \u5217\u51fa\u70ba .js \u7684\u6a94\u6848<\/em> $ ls *.js<\/code><\/li>
    2. pwd\uff1aprint work directory\uff0c\u5370\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u9304 $ pwd \/\/ \/Users\/happycoder\/Desktop\/projects\/HappyCoder<\/code><\/li>
    3. cd\uff1achange directory\uff0c\u79fb\u52d5\u9032\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u4e0b\u7684 examples \u8cc7\u6599\u593e\uff1a $ cd .\/examples <\/code>\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u5bb6\u76ee\u9304\uff1a~<\/code>\uff1a $ cd ~ <\/code>\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c64\u76ee\u9304 ..<\/code>\uff1a $ cd .. <\/code>\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u6839\u76ee\u9304 \/<\/code>\uff1a $ cd \/<\/code><\/li>
    4. mkdir\uff1amake directory\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u8cc7\u6599\u593e $ mkdir examples<\/code><\/li>
    5. cp\uff1acopy\uff0c\u8907\u88fd\u6a94\u6848\u5148\u5c07\u5b57\u4e32 TEST \u5b58\u5165 README.md \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d $ echo \"TEST\" > README.md <\/code>$ cp README.md<\/code><\/li>
    6. mv\uff1amove (rename) files\uff0c\u79fb\u52d5\u6a94\u6848\u6216\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u6a94\u6848\u79fb\u52d5\u6a94\u6848\uff1a $ mv README.md \/examples\/README.md <\/code>\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d $ mv README.md README_MV.md<\/code><\/li>
    7. rm\uff1aremove file\uff0c\u522a\u9664\u6a94\u6848 $ rm README.md <\/code>\u522a\u9664\u76ee\u524d\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u4e0b\u526f\u6a94\u540d\u70ba .js \u6a94\u6848\uff1a $ rm *.js <\/code>\u522a\u9664\u8cc7\u6599\u593e\u548c\u6240\u6709\u6a94\u6848\uff1a $ rm -f examples<\/code><\/li>
    8. touch\uff1a\u7528\u4f86\u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 timestamp \u6642\u9593\u6233\u8a18\u6216\u662f\u65b0\u589e\u7a7a\u767d\u6a94\u6848 $ touch README.md<\/code><\/li>
    9. cat\uff1a\u5c07\u6587\u4ef6\u5370\u51fa\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u4e0a $ cat README.md<\/code><\/li>
    10. tail\uff1a\u986f\u793a\u6a94\u6848\u6700\u5f8c\u5e7e\u884c\u5167\u5bb9$ tail README.md <\/code>\u6301\u7e8c\u986f\u793a\u66f4\u65b0\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65bc web server \u770b log debug \u4f7f\u7528\uff1a$ tail -f README.md<\/code><\/li>
    11. more\uff1a\u5c07\u6a94\u6848\u4e00\u9801\u9801\u5370\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u79fb\u52d5\u63db\u9801\uff0c\u6309 q \u96e2\u958b\uff1a$ more README.md<\/code><\/li>
    12. file\uff1a\u6aa2\u67e5\u6a94\u6848\u985e\u578b$ file README.md \/\/ README.md: HTML document text, UTF-8 Unicode text<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \u7de8\u8f2f\u6587\u5b57\u6a94\u6848<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
      1. nano\uff1a\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u7de8\u8f2f\u6587\u5b57\u6a94\u6848\u7de8\u8f2f\u6216\u662f\u65b0\u589e\u6587\u5b57\u6a94\u6848\uff1a $ nano README.md <\/code>\u555f\u52d5\u7de8\u8f2f\u5b8c\u5f8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Ctrl + X \u96e2\u958b\uff0cCtrl + V \u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u9801\uff0cCtrl + Y \u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u9801\uff0cCtrl + W \u641c\u5c0b\u6587\u5b57\u5167\u5bb9<\/li>
      2. vim\uff1a\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u7de8\u8f2f\u6587\u5b57\u6a94\u6848 $ vim README.md <\/code>\u555f\u52d5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 i \u9032\u5165\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0cesc \u96e2\u958b\u7de8\u8f2f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c:q<\/code> \u4e0d\u5132\u5b58\u96e2\u958b\uff0c:wq<\/code> \u5132\u5b58\u96e2\u958b\uff0c:q!<\/code> \u5f37\u5236\u96e2\u958b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        \u6a94\u6848\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
        \u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b Linux \u6a94\u6848\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        1. \u53ef\u8b80\u53d6\uff08r\uff0cReadable\uff09<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6578\u5b57 4 \u8868\u793a<\/li>
        2. \u53ef\u5beb\u5165\uff08w\uff0cwritable\uff09<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6578\u5b57 2 \u8868\u793a<\/li>
        3. \u53ef\u57f7\u884c\uff1a\uff08x\uff0ceXecute\uff09<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6578\u5b57 1 \u8868\u793a<\/li>
        4. \u7121\u6b0a\u9650\uff08-\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6578\u5b57 0 \u8868\u793a<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u4f9d\u64da\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u4f86\u8a2d\u5b9a\u6a94\u6848\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u6aa2\u8996\u6a94\u6848\u6b0a\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 $ ls -l<\/code> \u4f86\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \"Linux<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          1. \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b04\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6b0a\u9650
            \u7531 10 \u500b\u5b57\u5143\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u5143\u8868\u793a\u6a94\u6848\u578b\u614b\uff08- \u70ba\u6a94\u6848\uff0cd \u8868\u793a\u76ee\u9304\uff0c1 \u8868\u793a\u9023\u7d50\u6a94\u6848\uff09\u3002\u5b57\u5143 2\u30013\u30014 \u8868\u793a\u6a94\u6848\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u5b57\u5143 5\u30016\u30017 \u8868\u793a\u6a94\u6848\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5c6c\u7fa4\u7d44\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u5b57\u5143 8\u30019\u300110 \u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa -rwxrwxr–\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u683c\u6a94\u6848\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7fa4\u7d44\u90fd\u5177\u5099\u8b80\u53d6\u3001\u5beb\u5165\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u64c1\u6709\u8b80\u53d6\u6b0a\u9650<\/li>
          2. \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b04\uff1a\u6a94\u6848\u6578\u91cf<\/li>
          3. \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b04\uff1a\u64c1\u6709\u8005<\/li>
          4. \u7b2c\u56db\u6b04\uff1a\u7fa4\u7d44<\/li>
          5. \u7b2c\u4e94\u6b04\uff1a\u6a94\u6848\u5927\u5c0f<\/li>
          6. \u7b2c\u516d\u6b04\uff1a\u6a94\u6848\u5efa\u7acb\u6642\u9593<\/li>
          7. \u7b2c\u4e03\u6b04\uff1a\u6a94\u6848\u540d\u7a31<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u904e\u6307\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            1. chmod\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u6a94\u6848\u6b0a\u9650\u5c07\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u70ba rw-rw-r--<\/code>\uff1a $ chmod 664 README.md <\/code>\u5c07\u6a94\u6848\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u548c\u7fa4\u7d44\u52a0\u5165\u57f7\u884c\u6b0a\u9650 $ chmod ug+x README.md<\/code><\/li>
            2. chown\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u6a94\u6848\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u8207\u7fa4\u7d44 $ chown www-data:www-data README.md<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
              1. sudo\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u9ad8\u6b0a\u9650\uff08superuser\uff09\u57f7\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6703\u8981\u6c42\u8f38\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u5fc5\u9808\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5fc3 $ sudo git clone xxx.py<\/code><\/li>
              2. su\uff1asu \u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4e00\u822c\u7684 Linux \u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8f38\u5165 root \u5bc6\u78bc\u53d6\u5f97 root \u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u66ab\u6642\u53d6\u5f97 root \u6b0a\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c31\u5982\u540c root \u4e00\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u7cfb\u7d71\u9032\u884c\u5404\u7a2e\u8b8a\u66f4\u52d5\u4f5c $ su<\/code><\/li>
              3. kill\uff1a\u6839\u64da Process ID \u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u7d42\u6b62\u7a0b\u5f0f $ kill PID <\/code>\u7acb\u5373\u5f37\u5236\u57f7\u884c\uff1a $ kill -9 PID<\/code><\/li>
              4. killall\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u4f86\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u7d42\u6b62\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f $ killall hello.py<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                \u5957\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                1. apt-get\uff1a\u5957\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u66f4\u65b0\u5957\u4ef6\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5217\u8868\uff1a $ sudo apt-get update <\/code>\u5347\u7d1a\u5957\u4ef6\u4e26\u4e0b\u8f09\u5b89\u88dd\u5957\u4ef6\uff1a $ sudo apt-get upgrade <\/code>\u641c\u5c0b\u76f8\u95dc\u8edf\u9ad4\u5957\u4ef6\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u7a31\uff09\uff1a $ apt-cache search --names-only fortune<\/em> <\/code>\u5b89\u88dd\u5957\u4ef6\uff1a $ sudo apt-get install fortune <\/code>\u79fb\u9664\u5957\u4ef6\uff1a $ sudo apt-get remove fortune<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                  \u7db2\u969b\u7db2\u8def\u76f8\u95dc\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                  1. ping\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u767c\u9001 ICMP ECHO_REQUEST<\/code> \u7684\u5c01\u5305\uff0c\u6aa2\u67e5\u81ea\u5df1\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u8a2d\u5099\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u662f\u5426\u66a2\u901a\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u53ef\u8f38\u5165 hostname \u6216\u662f IP\uff1a $ ping google.com<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                    PING google.com (172.217.160.110): 56 data bytes\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=0 ttl=57 time=7.037 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=9.411 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=2 ttl=57 time=22.690 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=3 ttl=57 time=6.561 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=4 ttl=57 time=6.909 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=5 ttl=57 time=6.311 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=6 ttl=57 time=6.860 ms\n64 bytes from 172.217.160.110: icmp_seq=7 ttl=57 time=6.583 ms\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    1. traceroutes\uff1a\u6aa2\u67e5\u5f9e\u4f60\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u5230\u7db2\u8def\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u662f\u8d70\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8def\u5f91 $ traceroute google.com <\/code>traceroute to google.com (172.217.27.142), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets
                      1 zyxel.home (192.168.1.1) 2.047 ms 1.208 ms 1.888 ms
                      2 h254.s98.ts.hinet.net (168.95.98.254) 6.189 ms 8.556 ms 5.875 ms
                      3 168-95-85-2.hinet-ip.hinet.net (168.95.85.2) 7.057 ms 5.796 ms 5.998 ms
                      4 211-22-226-1.hinet-ip.hinet.net (211.22.226.1) 9.766 ms 10.422 ms
                      72.14.222.94 (72.14.222.94) 9.744 ms
                      5 108.170.244.97 (108.170.244.97) 8.386 ms
                      108.170.244.129 (108.170.244.129) 11.500 ms 12.247 ms
                      6 209.85.142.13 (209.85.142.13) 7.015 ms 7.505 ms
                      209.85.240.15 (209.85.240.15) 6.750 ms
                      7 tsa03s02-in-f142.1e100.net (172.217.27.142) 11.478 ms 6.608 ms 6.893 ms<\/li>
                    2. nslookup\uff1a\u67e5\u8a62 DNS \u56de\u61c9\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38 $ nslookup google.com <\/code>Server: 192.168.1.1
                      Address: 192.168.1.1#53Non-authoritative answer:
                      Name: google.com
                      Address: 216.58.200.238<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5176\u4ed6\u597d\u7528\u6307\u4ee4<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                      1. man\uff1a\u67e5\u8a62 Linux \u7dda\u4e0a\u624b\u518a\uff08man page\uff09 $ man <\/code>\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 man<\/code> \u4f86\u67e5\u8a62 ls<\/code> \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a $ man ls<\/code><\/li>
                      2. find\uff1a\u67e5\u8a62\u6a94\u6848\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u5c0b\u627e\u6a94\u540d\u70ba README.md \u6a94\u6848 $ find . -name README.md<\/code><\/li>
                      3. grep\uff1a\u5f37\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5b57\u4e32\u641c\u5c0b\u5de5\u5177 $ grep '\u627e\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u4e32' file_name <\/code>\u627e\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u9304\uff08\u542b\u5b50\u76ee\u9304\uff09\u4e0b\u6a94\u6848 $ grep -r '\u5b57\u4e32' *<\/code><\/li>
                      4. crontab\uff1a\u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u6392\u7a0b\u7de8\u8f2f crontab $ crontab -e <\/code>crontab \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a \u5206 \u6642 \u65e5 \u6708 \u661f\u671f \u8981\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4 30 12 * * * python \/projects\/hello.py & \u5728 12:30 \u6642\u57f7\u884c hello.py\uff0c& \u8868\u793a\u80cc\u666f\u57f7\u884c * \u865f\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u65e5\u6bcf\u6708\u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u90fd\u57f7\u884c<\/code><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                        \u64b0\u5beb\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b shell script<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                        Shell \u662f\u6211\u5011\u548c Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8f38\u5165\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u505a\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u6a19\u6e96\u7684 Shell \u70ba\uff08Bourne Again Shell\uff09\uff0c\u6a94\u6848\u8def\u5f91\u70ba \/bin\/sh<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e $ echo $SHELL<\/code> \u53bb\u5370\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5176\u4e2d Shell Script \u70ba\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8a9e\u6cd5\u6240\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u5176\u70ba\u76f4\u8b6f\u5f0f\u4e0d\u7528\u7de8\u8b6f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4f60\u5c07\u8907\u96dc\u6216\u662f\u91cd\u8907\u6027\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5beb\u6210\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u6a94\u6848<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        $ vim example.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5728\u7de8\u8f2f\u6a21\u5f0f\u8f38\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        #!\/bin\/bash\n# \u9019\u662f\u8a3b\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 shell<\/em>\n\necho \"\u65e5\u671f\"\ndate\necho \"\u5370\u51fa\u6a94\u6848\u5217\u8868\"\nls -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u4fee\u6539\u6b0a\u9650\u6210\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f7\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        $ chmod u+x example.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u63a5\u8457\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u9806\u5229\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u770b\u5230\u6642\u9593\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u6a94\u6848\u5217\u8868\uff01\u606d\u559c\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b shell script\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        $ .\/example.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u7e3d\u7d50<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
                        \u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86 Linux\/Ubuntu \u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u57fa\u790e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5165\u9580\u6559\u5b78\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e0a\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u8b80\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u523b\u610f\u53bb\u80cc\u8aa6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7df4\u7fd2\uff0c\u591a\u7d2f\u7a4d\u64b0\u5beb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u78bc\u53bb\u52a0\u5feb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5c31\u6703\u628a\u6307\u4ee4\u78bc\u8a18\u61b6\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5fd8\u8a18\u518d\u53bb\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u67e5\u627e\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u52a0\u6cb9\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                        \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Linux\uff1f Linux \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u7531\u958b\u653e\u539f\u59cb\u78bc\u7684\u985e Unix \u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5176\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=466"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/466\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.sly666.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}